Common juniper (Juniperus communis)
Photo: Rasbak at Dutch Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons

On the map in 2 countries shrub

Common juniper

Juniperus communis

Family: Cupressaceae

On our map this plant appears in 2 countries and ranks highest in: Estonia, Finland.

The common juniper is an evergreen shrub or small tree with prickly, needle-like leaves arranged in whorls of three. Its blue-black, bloomy “berries” are in fact fleshy cones that take two to three years to ripen. It grows on poor sandy or limestone soils, on heathland, in open pinewoods and on pastures, where cattle avoid it because of its prickly needles. The berries are used as a spice for game and cabbage and give gin its characteristic flavour, while the fragrant wood does not rot and does not absorb smells.

Description from: Estonia.

More: Wikipedia (en) Wikipedia (pl) Plants of the World Online (Kew)

Significance in each country

  1. Estonia no. 3 of 8 native

    The juniper alvars of Saaremaa, Muhu and Hiiumaa are among Estonia’s most distinctive landscapes.

  2. Finland no. 10 of 10 native

    Juniper is essential for brewing sahti – a traditional farmhouse beer that is filtered through a layer of juniper twigs in a wooden trough called a kuurna.